School Counselors\u27 Perceptions about lnterventions for At-Risk Students Including Grade Retention: Implications for School Leaders

The term at-risk is used by educators and policymakers to describe a wide variety of students who struggle in schools (Kronholz, 2011). Factors associated with labeling students at-risk include minority status, poverty, language difficulties, low school attendance, and poor family support (Re~ Akpo-Sanni, Losike-Sedimo, 2012; Stockard, 2010). For many at-risk students, reading at a proficient level is a primary concern for school leaders and teachers (Allington, 2011; McAlenney & Coyne, 2011), especially with increased accountability including school sanctions for not closing reading achievement gaps (Chappell, Nunnery, Pribesh, & Hager, 2011). Although a plethora of interventions have been proposed to assist at-risk students, requiring students to repeat a grade continues to be used as a threat for students who are not proficient, despite evidence that suggests grade retention is detrimental to students on various outcomes (Battistin & Schizzerotto, 2012; Webley, 2012)

VOCALIZATION OF THE CROCODILE SKINK, TRIBOLONOTUS GRACILIS (DE ROOY, 1909), AND EVIDENCE OF PARENTAL CARE.

The crocodile or spiny skinks, Tribolonotus, comprise eight secretive semi-fossorial lizards, which are generally found under vegetation in the immediate vicinity of water (Greer and Parker, 1968; O'Shea, 1991, 1994; Rogner, 1997). Tribolonotus gracilis (Figure 1) and Tribolonotus novaeguineae are restricted to New Guinea, while the remaining six species range throughout Indonesia, Manus, New Britain, Bougainville, and the Solomon Islands (McCoy, 1980; O'Shea, 1991, 1994). Because scant life history information is available for the genus Tribolonotus, the purpose of the present contribution is to document the vocalization and parental care of T. gracilis

Ma, Is a Fool as Aloof as I am?

A variant of the well-known Ma is a nun, as I am and Ma is a selfless as I am, this palindrome appears to be new

Dr. Louis Hauiti Potaka of New Zealand: a biographical essay

On essay: December 31, 1999. Revised December, 2005

Scaling of data communications for an advanced supercomputer network

The goal of NASA's Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS) Program is to provide a powerful computational environment for advanced research and development in aeronautics and related disciplines. The present NAS system consists of a Cray 2 supercomputer connected by a data network to a large mass storage system, to sophisticated local graphics workstations and by remote communication to researchers throughout the United States. The program plan is to continue acquiring the most powerful supercomputers as they become available. The implications of a projected 20-fold increase in processing power on the data communications requirements are described

Data communication requirements for the advanced NAS network

The goal of the Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation (NAS) Program is to provide a powerful computational environment for advanced research and development in aeronautics and related disciplines. The present NAS system consists of a Cray 2 supercomputer connected by a data network to a large mass storage system, to sophisticated local graphics workstations, and by remote communications to researchers throughout the United States. The program plan is to continue acquiring the most powerful supercomputers as they become available. In the 1987/1988 time period it is anticipated that a computer with 4 times the processing speed of a Cray 2 will be obtained and by 1990 an additional supercomputer with 16 times the speed of the Cray 2. The implications of this 20-fold increase in processing power on the data communications requirements are described. The analysis was based on models of the projected workload and system architecture. The results are presented together with the estimates of their sensitivity to assumptions inherent in the models

Some physiological costs of cold climates

Includes bibliographical references (pages 16-17)

Influence Of Host Factors On Phosphatidylcholine Synthesis In Schistosoma Mansoni

This study provides information concerning the factors involved in regulating apical bilayer formation and turnover in the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni. The major phospholipid of cercaria, adults and the outer bilayer and plasma membrane of the apical bilayer complex of the adult parasites is phosphatidylcholine. Phosphatidylcholine was synthesized through the incorporation of choline but not through the methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine.;The uptake and incorporation of choline into phosphatidylcholine by adult S. mansoni was examined in the presence of a variety of sera, hormonal and pharmacologic factors. The examination of sera from a number of sources revealed that permissiveness to infection was not a factor in affecting choline incorporation. However, a heat-labile component of serum increased choline incorporation by adult S. mansoni. The purified C3/C4 components of serum were shown to stimulate choline incorporation into phosphatidylcholine by adult S. mansoni but not schistosomula. The addition of 5-hydroxytryptamine to incubation media stimulated choline incorporation by both schistosomula and adults. The C3/C4 complement components stimulated choline incorporation into phosphatidylcholine of the outer bilayer of the apical bilayer complex of adults and 5-hydroxytryptamine stimulated incorporation into the inner bilayer.;Calcium influx into adult S. mansoni was increased in the presence of C3/C4 but not 5-hydroxytryptamine. Efflux of calcium was increased with 5-hydroxytryptamine but not C3/C4. A model for the signal transduction of C3/C4 is presented in which the binding of C3/C4 to the outer bilayer of the apical surface results in an influx of calcium, an increased rate of apical membrane precursor fusion with the surface, a depletion of membrane precursor organelles and finally an increase the synthesis of membrane. The model presented for the action of 5-hydroxytryptamine is through the direct stimulation of membrane phosphatidylcholine synthesis, mediated by a 5-hydroxytryptamine - adenyl cyclase signal mechanism